TRFA Webinar Series
Thermal and Rheological Characterization of Thermosets
6-part series April 1st thru June 3rd
Presented by: TA Instruments
Sponsored by the TRFA Coatings, Civil Engineering, Flooring Committee
Learn the basics of thermal and rheology analysis plus more advanced techniques in this 6-part webinar series.
Course Topics
Thermal analysis encompasses a group of techniques of which a property of the materials is monitored against time or temperature in a specific atmosphere. Four of the most basic thermal analysis techniques include thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). In the first three webinars, the theory and application of TGA and DSC will be covered.
The fourth and fifth webinars cover rheology basics including the fundamental terms used in rheology and tests that are performed on DMA instruments. The final webinar will review practical application of all the methods on thermoset systems.
All webinars begin at 11:00 a.m. ET and last one hour. Webinars can be purchased individually or register for the webinar series 6-pack to attend all webinars at a discounted package rate.
Click on the topics below to view the outline and description of each webinar.
Who Should Attend?
Chemists, formulators, research and development associates, engineers, technicians
Course Description
Cost:
Webinar Series 6-Pack - BEST VALUE! (Includes all six webinars)
$499 per site for TRFA members
$899 per site for non-members
Individual Webinars
$99 per site for TRFA members
$199 per site for non-members
The registration fee is per location, not per person. You are welcome to have a number of people from your company participate at the same time from one location. Additional dial-in locations require an additional registration fee. You will be emailed login and dial-in information for your location a few days before the webinar. If you have any questions, please call the TRFA office at 630/942-6596.
Click here to register online.
Click here for a fax-in registration form.
About the Presenters
Kadine Mohomed, Ph.D
Dr. Kadine Mohomed is an Applications Scientist at TA Instruments. Dr. Mohomed received a bachelor’s degree in Chemistry with a minor in Biology from Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton and a doctoral degree in Materials Chemistry from the University of South Florida, Tampa. Upon graduating from USF, Dr. Mohomed immediately joined TA Instruments in 2006.
At TA Instruments her responsibilities include applications support of the thermal and microcalorimetry product lines. Instruments included in these product lines are differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic vapor sorption analysis (SA) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA).
David A. Bohnsack, Ph.D
Dr. David Bohnsack is an Applications Engineer at TA Instruments. Dr. Bohnsack received his bachelor’s in chemical engineering from the University at Buffalo and his PhD in chemical engineering from Michigan State University. Immediately prior to joining TA Instruments, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Argonne National Labs. Dr Bohnsack’s research background has covered a range of problems in polymer science that have been addressed by rheology, DMA, thermal analysis, and scattering methods. In particular, he measured the rheological, mechanical, and conformational effects of nanoparticle addition to thermoplastics as a potential new route to high performance engineering materials. Dr. Bohnsack has been with TA Instruments for three years, where he provides applications support for rheology, DMA, and thermal analysis covering a very broad range of applications.
Gregory W. Kamykowski, Ph.D
Dr. Gregory Kamykowski is a Senior Applications Scientist for TA Instruments in the area of rheology. He is based in Schaumburg IL. Dr. Kamykowski received a bachelor’s degree in Chemistry from Loyola University Chicago and a PhD in Physical Chemistry from the University of Wisconsin – Madison, where he did his graduate work under Professor John Ferry. He has been in several industrial positions, all of which have dealt, to some extent, with applications of rheology. He is a member of the Society of Plastics Engineers, the Society of Rheology, and the American Society for Testing and Materials.
Course Outlines and Descriptions
Friday, April 1, 2011 - Webinar 1: Thermal Basics
TGA Topics
- Using TGA data to define DSC test conditions
- Thermal stability studies, kinetics, lifetime storage
DSC Topics
- Thermoset curing
- Detection of Thermal Transitions: Glass transition (Tg)
- Pressure DSC
- Photocalorimetry
Description: In this course the theory and application of TGA and DSC will be covered. In TGA, a sample is heated in a specific atmosphere and the mass change is monitored. TGA measures the thermal and oxidative stability of a material and can provide details on thermal stability, filler/fiber content, weight loss on cure, residual solvent, out gassing, and lifetime storage prediction. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measures heat flow associated with changes in structure of materials as a function of time and temperature in a controlled atmosphere. For thermosets, DSC allows the monitoring of cure reactions, degree of cure and detection of the glass transition temperature. Details on sample preparation, method development and data interpretation will be discussed.
Friday, April 8, 2011 - Webinar 2: Cure Kinetics
Description: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measures heat flow associated with changes in structure of materials as a function of time and temperature in a controlled atmosphere. For thermosets, DSC allows the monitoring of cure reactions, degree of cure and detection of the glass transition temperature. In this course reaction kinetics will be discussed. The rate of reaction between the components is a function of time, temperature and formulation. DSC can be used to measure how a formulation responds to time and temperature. Data from DSC experiments can be applied to reaction models to predict reaction rates and required processing conditions . The following reaction models will be discussed:
- Borchardt & Daniels, single heat rate
- ASTM E698, multiple heat rates
- Isothermal, time to peak reaction rate
Wednesday, April 20, 2011 - Webinar 3: Modulated DSC
- Introduction to Temperature Modulated DSC
- Deconvoluting heat capacity events from kinetic events
- Heat capacity measurements
Description: With standard DSC, the difference in heat flow rate between a sample and an inert reference is measured as the sample is heated, cooled or held at an isothermal temperature. With standard DSC, a single heat flow rate signal is produced, which is the sum of all heat flows occurring at any point in temperature or time. The operating principle of MDSC® differs from standard DSC in that MDSC® uses two simultaneous heating rates - a linear heating rate that provides information similar to standard DSC, and a sinusoidal or modulated heating rate that permits the simultaneous measurement of the sample's heat capacity. MDSC is superior to DSC since it can separate kinetic events (e.g., an exothermic cure reaction) from changes in heat capacity (e.g., a Tg).
This webinar will focus on MDSC method development and data interpretation of several case studies where MDSC simplified the interpretation of the DSC heat flow thermogram.
Friday, May 6, 2011 - Webinar 4: Rheology Basics
Rheology Basics
- Definitions of basic terms used in rheology and rationale for their use
Shear Testing
- Common Geometries
- Test Methodologies
- Information gathered from Shear Testing
Linear Testing (Tensile, Flexural, Compression)
- Common Geometries
- Test Methodologies
- Information gathered from Linear Testing
Description: In this webinar, the presenter will describe the fundamental terms used in the field of rheology and provide rationale for the usage of these terms. After this, we will focus on rotational shear rheometry. The different geometries that are used with rheometers (e.g., parallel plate, concentric cylinders, and cone-and-plate) and the benefits of each geometry will be discussed. Then the tests that are most often performed in shear rheometry and the information obtained from each will be described.
We will build on the basics of rotational and extend this knowledge to linear testing, which is done with dynamic mechanical analyzers (DMA). Geometries like tension clamps and flexural clamps will be described, and tests that are typically performed on DMA instruments will be discussed.
Friday, May 20, 2011 - Webinar 5: Rheology of Thermosets
Rheological Characterizations on Thermoset Materials
- Monitoring of curing by dynamic shear testing
- Characterization of cured samples by shear and torsional methods
- Monitoring of curing by tension and flexural methods on the DMA
- Characterization of cured samples by tensile and flexural methods on the DMA
Description: We will discuss dynamic mechanical test methods (DMA and rheology) with particular attention to characterizing the curing process, as well as previously cured materials. Examples will be presented for monitoring the cure process from the neat resin, through to fully cured solids. Key parameters for defining a cure process, such as the minimum viscosity and the gel point, will be identified. Examples will be presented of both thermally initiated curing processes, as well as UV initiated curing processes which present particular challenges to the experimentalist. Turning our attention to previously cured materials, we will examine methods for characterizing these materials for their application characteristics, as well as their glass transition temperature. The ability to detect whether a specimen has been fully cured will be demonstrated by examining the changing properties with successive heats.
Friday June 3, 2011 - Webinar 6: Case Study with All Methods
Practical Application of All Methods on Thermoset Systems
- DSC
- TGA
- Rotational Rheometry
- Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Description: Building on the techniques developed in the previous webinars, a unified approach to thermoset characterization will be presented. In particular, case studies will be presented in which cure processes have been characterized by both DSC and rheology. This permits the correlation of stoichiometric conversion from DSC to changes in mechanical properties as observed by rheology. Comparisons and correlations will also be presented that demonstrate the two key methods for determining the glass transition temperature. The relative strengths of the different techniques and how they complement one another will be discussed.